Arthritis causes pain in various joints such as the knee, ankle, wrist and elbow. Approximately 46 million adults and 300,000 children in the United States suffer from this ailment. There are numerous types of arthritis and corresponding treatments. A physician will generally suggest a conventional or alternative therapy according to a patient's body type, gender and genetic disposition.
Physical Treatment
Physical therapy includes exercises and techniques such as myofascial release (i.e., treating soft tissue to reduce pain), traction and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (i.e., stimulation of nerve endings). This also helps patients shed extra pounds. Physical treatment helps patients improve mobility; reduce pain and dizziness and improve strength, balance and functioning of the affected joints. It works on muscles that can compensate for weaker joints.
Occupational Treatment
During an occupational treatment, patients are taught to reduce strain on the joints caused by daily activities. Occupational therapists teach patients ways to modify their home and office environments to reduce motions that can exaggerate arthritis. Some therapists provide splints for hands and wrists and recommend assistance devices that can help in different tasks such as driving, dressing, bathing and housekeeping.
Medicinal Treatments
Doctors can prescribe medication such as Feldene and Flurbiprofen to reduce arthritic pain. Anti-inflammatories in addition to pain killers such as acetaminophen with codeine are sometimes prescribed to patients with severe pain or low pain tolerance. Anti-inflammatory medications include glucocorticoids such as cortisone, which mimic the body's own inflammation-fighting hormones. The medication can slow the further development of arthritis while reducing the damage caused to the joints. It is important to note that use of medications such as glucocorticoids for a long period increases the risk of side effects, which can include insomnia, mood and personality changes, psychotic behavior or severe depression.
Surgical Treatments
Surgical treatments are generally suggested by doctors when other treatment options fail to provide relief to arthritis patients, especially those suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Synovectomy is the surgical removal of the lining from the affected joint. This procedure is most commonly used on the knees, but it can be used on other joints, such as the shoulder, elbow and wrist.
Change in Diet
Early-stage arthritis can be controlled through mild analgesic medication such as acetaminophen and changes in the diet. It is suggested that patients consume more whole grain products, fruits and vegetables, as they are low in cholesterol and saturated fat. Patients should also maintain a low sugar intake and only drink alcohol in moderation. Even these small changes can help control arthritis.
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