Radiation therapy is a common form of cancer treatment. It is effective when used on its own or when combined with treatments like surgery and chemotherapy. If your doctor suggests using radiation treatment to combat cancer that has developed in your neck, you could experience side effects in your mouth and throat.
The Facts
In radiation therapy, high energy waves or particles are directed at cancer cells to destroy them or damage them so they can no longer grow or spread. If you have cancer in your neck, radiation can be aimed at cancer cells from outside the body or it can be implanted either within the tumor or just beside it with a radioactive seed. While radiation is directed at cancer cells, it can also cause problems with healthy tissues. The side effects of radiation depend on what part of the body is being treated.
Throat Side Effects
Radiation therapy on the neck can cause side effects in your throat. The lining of your esophagus can become inflamed and sore. You may feel as though there is something stuck in your throat or as though the tissue is burning. Swallowing can become painful. In some cases, swallowing becomes so painful that eating and drinking are too difficult for you.
Mouth Side Effects
Radiation therapy directed at the neck can cause problems in your mouth. Side effects include dry mouth, decrease or loss of the ability to taste and soreness. You might develop cavities and problems with your jaw if the radiation affects the bone. You could develop mouth sores, which can be painful and lead to a risk of infection. You might also experience very thick, ropy saliva.
Treatment
Because radiation therapy is an ongoing process, the damage it causes will be inflicted again and again. Doctors usually focus on managing the side effects on the neck. For sore throat, drinking cool liquids and eating bland, soft foods can reduce pain. Medication to numb your mouth and throat can help. If you cannot eat or drink, a feeding tube will ensure you receive nourishment. Your dentist can treat cavities in your teeth. If you develop an infection, antibiotics will counteract it.
Preparation
Preparing for potential side effects of neck radiation can make it easier for you to manage them while you are in treatment. Tell your dentist about your radiation therapy before it begins. She can make sure that your teeth and mouth are as healthy as possible before the process begins, which can help reduce problems later. Your doctor can help you find groups of other patients undergoing the same treatment. Talking to others who understand what you are going through can make the process less stressful.
Tags: cancer cells, side effects, your mouth, cause problems, directed cancer, directed cancer cells, Effects Radiation therapy