According to the American Podiatric Medical Association, bunions are caused when the big toe, called the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint, is bent toward the other toes, causing a lump to form around its side. This lump, called the bunion, increases in size and severity over time, causing painful symptoms such as inflammation, redness and soreness. If the bunion is left to develop, it can make it painful to walk or stand. If the physician elects not to use surgery to correct the bunion, using the following techniques can reduce bunion pain and swelling.
Avoid Narrow Toed Shoes
Avoiding wearing shoes with a narrow foot area can reduce pain. According to the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons, narrow toed shoes such as high heels squish the toes together, increasing the pain and inflammation associated with bunions. To reduce pain, wear flat footed shoes with a wide toe area to avoid squishing the toes. Avoid wearing high heeled shoes, which increases pressure on the bunion.
Wear a Soft Orthotic Device
Placing a soft orthotic device in the shoe also relieves bunion and discomfort. Soft orthotic devices, available over-the-counter (OTC), are worn under the sole of the foot, relieving pressure on sore spots. It also controls how the foot moves, reducing irregular movements that can make the bunion worse.
Wear a Bunion Pad
Bunion pads are also used as part of bunion relief treatment. OTC bunion pads, placed around the bunion and big toe, helps stabilize the toe in a normal position. According to the American Podiatric Medical Association (APMA), the padding minimizes the pain and stress around the bunion.
Take a Pain Relief Medication
Pain relief medications temporarily provide bunion pain relief. Pain relief medications that contain acetaminophen, ibuprofen or naproxen reduce inflammation around the bunion, reducing soreness. Common OTC medications include Tylenol, Advil, Motrin and Aleve.
Apply a Cold Ice Pack
Applying a cold ice pack to the bunion helps reduce inflammation and soreness. According to the Mayo Clinic, it should be applied two to three times a day to reduce inflammation. This is only a temporary treatment, however.
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