Genetic Factors
Though the exact mechanics remain unknown, it has long been suspected that there is a genetic component to alcoholism, meaning people are more likely to suffer from alcoholism if there is a family history. A combination of neurological and physical factors contribute to this, including abnormal levels of serotonin, a major brain chemical messenger, and a smaller amygdala, the region of the brain responsible for the emotional aspects of craving.
Environmental Factors
Environmental factors can also trigger or cause alcoholism. Constant or overuse of alcohol can cause the addiction, affecting a patient's neurochemistry in such a way that, over time, will cause chemical dependency and withdrawal symptoms during periods of alcoholic abstinence.
Emotional Causes
Alcoholism can be triggered by heightened emotional episodes during the patient's life. Trauma, stress or other related factors can cause people who drink to use alcohol as a crutch, increasing the risk for alcoholism.
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