Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are two of the most fatal diseases because they may not exhibit early symptoms. Additionally, the two diseases make the body vulnerable to other illnesses, "opportunistic infections," it may have otherwise fended off.
Below are some of the symptoms of the HIV/AIDS infections, as well as symptoms of their consequent opportunistic infections.
Lymph node swelling
The lymph nodes swell because of the body's decline in CD4+ T cells that normally act as immunity shields from infection. Lymph nodes are located in the armpits, groin and neck. You may also experience difficulty or pain swallowing because there are lymph nodes located near the throat.
Flu-like Symptoms
Watch for flu-like symptoms such as fever, nausea, profuse sweating, fatigue or white spots on the tongue and in the mouth.
Some telltale signs more particular to HIV/AIDS include loss of memory or confusion, discolored splotches on the skin or inside the nose, eyelid or mouth, or diarrhea lasting longer than one week.
Diagnosis
The only guaranteed way to find out if you are infected is to get a blood test. You can also provide a urine or saliva sample for testing, although the accuracy rate is not as high.
Opportunistic Infections
The most common opportunistic infections, or infections that arise from HIV/AIDS's weakening of the body's immune system, include cancer, pink eye (conjunctivitis), tonsilitis, tuberculosis, herpes simplex, lymphoma, blood poisoning and pneumonia.
They are usually preceded by signs similar to those mentioned above, as well as vomiting, weight loss, seizures, coma, abdominal cramps, loss of vision or excruciating headaches.
Prevention
HIV/AIDS can be prevented. You can abstain from sexual intercourse or practice safe sex through the use of a latex condom and lubrication. The Centers for Disease Control also recommend discussing sexual health and sexually transmitted diseases with your partner, along with getting tested regularly if you are sexually active. Be aware of your HIV/AIDS status. It helps to also get vaccinated against hepatitis B. Do not administer illicit drugs via injection. If you are legally using an injected drug, use clean needles, do not share needles and dispose of needles properly.
Tags: opportunistic infections, lymph nodes, nodes located