What Causes CFIDS?
Chronic fatigue immune deficiency syndrome (CFIDS) is characterized by extreme fatigue and exhaustion. A person may have difficulty concentrating and remembering details. In some cases it is accompanied by flu-like symptoms and the need for prolonged rest after any type of exertion.
CFIDS can be mild or severe, disrupting your ability to work, participate in hobbies and be involved in family activities. The Chronic Fatigue Immune Deficiency Syndrome Association says this condition is more common than multiple sclerosis, lung cancer or AIDS. With no definitive lab tests, patients may go for years without a diagnosis. While the cause of CFIDS remains unknown, some theories suggest situations that may bring it on.
Identification
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identifies CFIDS as an unexplained, severe chronic fatigue for longer then six months. In addition, at least four of the following symptoms must be present: substantial impairment in short-term memory, chronic overall muscle and/or joint pain that is not associated with swelling, unusual headaches, waking unrefreshed after sleeping through the night and severe fatigue that lasts longer then 24 hours after exertion.
Viruses
It was once believed that CFIDS was caused by a viral infection, specifically the Epstein-Barr (EBV) mononucleosis virus; that theory has not been proved. Other viruses, bacterial agents or toxins may play a role, however, in the development of this condition. Ross River virus and Coxiella burnetti are currently being studied as possible contributors. Patients may experience CFIDS six months to one year after having these viruses.
Immune System Problems
Some scientists suggest a link between immune system deficiencies and the development of CFIDS. While no actual damage is apparent to tissues as a result of CFIDS, this condition may be similar to other autoimmune diseases where the body does not recognize itself and starts attacking healthy tissues. Some studies suggest there are less natural killer cells in patients with CFIDS, though other studies have not found any differences. Others suggest that those with CFIDS tend to have a history of allergies, which may also play a role.
Central Nervous System Disorders
Several studies have discovered certain abnormalities in the brain in patients with CFIDS. See the link below for the Chronic Fatigue Immune Deficiency Syndrome Association for more information. These abnormalities appear to occur in the white matter and grey matter of the brain. The white matter areas showed brain perfusion deficiencies and the grey area matter showed a reduction in size. Scientists suggest that this may explain the cognitive and memory problems that occur in patients with CFIDS.
Other Theories
Genetics may play a role as well. Research by the CFIDS Association showed that approximately 15 percent of people with CFIDS have at least one family member who also has this condition. The Cleveland Woman's Journal suggests studies have demonstrated that CFIDS patients had higher levels of the genes involved in coding enzymes and supporting adrenal function. These higher levels may make a person more prone to developing CFIDS. In addition, some researchers believe that environmental factors such as certain chemicals, toxins or infectious agents may lead to the development of this disease.
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