Theory That Explains Color Constancy

Theory That Explains Color Constancy

The human eye is equipped to function under a variety of different circumstances. A green building appears green both in the morning and also when the sun begins to set. Changes in lighting may, or may not affect the eyes ability to identify objects and colors. The theory of color constancy describes how this works.

Identification

Color constancy refers to the human eye's ability to discern colors under bright lighting, as well as under dimmed lighting. Retinex theory, developed by a physicist named Edwin H. Land in 1971, provides an explanation as to how the eyes are able to identify color in both light and dark conditions. This ability is what enables a person to identify objects. This process is called subjective constancy in which a person's perception of an object remains constant under changing conditions. The Retinex theory attributes this ability to specialized double-opponent cells.

Subjective Constancy

Subjective constancy is a physiological process in which certain neurons in the brain's primary visual cortex record and compile the cone activity in the eyes. Under the Retinex theory, these neurons are the double-opponent cells. Double-opponent cells calculate color ratios and spatial elements. Color ratios refer to the types of wavelengths being reflected by an object. Spatial elements make up the distances, or transitions that take place between one wavelength and another. In order for the human to make these calculations, the light source must contain certain identifiable wavelengths.

Visible Spectrum

The theory of color constancy relies on the "visible light window" portion of the electromagnetic spectrum The electromagnetic spectrum is made up of all the light wavelengths that enter the Earth's atmosphere. The visible light spectrum, or window is contains the wavelengths that the human eye can see. This spectrum is made up of primary and secondary colors. The scientific primary colors are red, blue and green, while the secondary colors are yellow, purple and orange. (These differ from artistic primary and secondary colors.) Other colors within the visible spectrum are made up of mixtures of the primary and secondary wavelengths.

Rods and Cones

The human eye contains specialized cells called rods and cones. These cells contain photopigments that are sensitive to certain wavelengths, or colors. Three different types of cone cells are attuned to red, green and blue wavelengths. Each cone type can only pick up its assigned wavelength, be it red, green or blue. Rod cells are designed to be light-sensitive, and contribute to the eyes' ability to discern color under darkened conditions. The specialized cells identified in the Retinex theory of color constancy work in conjunction with rod and cones cells to discern color differences under various lighting conditions.

Phototransduction

Phototransduction is another explanation for how color constancy works in the human eye. Phototransduction focuses on the interactions that takes place between individual rod and cone cells with incoming wavelengths of light. As the rod cells are designed to amplify incoming wavelengths in darkened conditions, these cells are highly sensitized to any presence of light in dark surroundings. The cone cells, in turn, carry out their usual function in picking up red, blue or green wavelengths, however they are only activated by their respective color waves.

Tags: Retinex theory, cone cells, primary secondary, secondary colors, spectrum made, theory color

Weekly Exercise Routines

To fit exercise into your weekly schedule, try combining two or three of the exercises below for a total-body workout. Mix cardio exercise with toning and muscle-training exercise. For example, mix jogging (the cardio exercise) with yoga (a muscle-training exercise); walking with weight training; or jogging with yoga and weight training. Perform each exercise type for at least 20 minutes. Aim to combine these moves three to five times a week.

Jogging (Cardio)

Building up intervals during jogging passes the time more quickly and burns more calories. Start off by jogging slowly for about two minutes. Double the speed for about three minutes, then jog slowly again for five minutes. Jog at a slightly faster pace for seven minutes and finish off by jogging slowly for another three minutes.

Walking (Cardio)

"Studies show walking is one of the best ways to shed belly fat, in less time than you think," says Prevention Magazine in an article about losing weight by walking (see References). It is possible to reap the physical benefits of aerobics with 20 minutes of brisk walking. Try this routine: Walk with heel to toe and knee bent for the whole routine. Start off walking slowly for five minutes, fast for ten minutes, at a medium speed for five minutes, then cool down with a brisk stroll of five minutes.

Calisthenics (Toning)

Calisthenics require the use of your own body weight and can be performed anywhere. Try this total body routine of simple exercises:

• Push Ups

• Dips

• Sit ups

• Crunches

• Lunges

• Squats

• Calf raises

• Shoulder shrugs

Go for five sets of eight repetitions (reps) of each move.

Yoga (Toning)

Yoga need not be performed in a studio or gym to reap the toning benefits of this style of exercise. Visit a Web site that sells DVDs and read user reviews to get a good idea of what style of yoga you like. Power yoga burns more calories than meditative yoga. Kundalini yoga focuses on working the spine and core muscles. Many yoga videos come in shorter 20-minute routines.

Weight Training

"Lean muscle mass naturally decreases with age. If you don't do anything to replace the muscle loss, it'll be replaced with fat," says the Mayo Clinic. But the Clinic also advises that weight training can help you reverse the trend at any age.

Weight training can be performed in a gym or at home with a set of dumbbells. Sample home dumbbell moves include bicep curls, triceps kickbacks, squats with bicep curls, and lunges with weights at the side.

Tags: five minutes, bicep curls, burns more, burns more calories, cardio exercise, cardio exercise with

Horse Chestnut Extract For Edema

Horse chestnut plant

The use of horse chestnut seed extract (HCSE) for chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is common in Europe. The scientific name for horse chestnut is Aesculus hippocastanum L. The effects of CVI may include leg swelling, edema, varicose veins and itching. The use of HCSE is not advised for people with diabetes, hepatic or renal problems or for children.

How It Works

HCSE contains aescin or saponins which act as anti-inflammatory agents. This occurs because of the vasoconstricting action of prostaglandins which reduces the permeability of the veins. This increases the tone of the venous wall.

Oother active components of HCSE are beneficial to the circulatory system. These include flavonoids which help to limit enzyme release which is greater in CVI. The coumarins present in HSCE may increase bleeding time.

Uses and Administration

HCSE is often used for CVI and other circulatory disorders such as phlebitis. The addition of compression bandages has been found helpful. HCSE does not reverse the effects of varicose veins. It is usually administered as a single oral dose. The effects may appear within an hour and the HCSE may remain in the system for up to 20 hours.

Risks and Warnings

The FDA has not approved HCSE and considers some components to be toxic. Users should be alert to symptoms of gastrointestinal tract distress such as nausea, diarrhea and vomiting. If an overdose is administered there is a potential for toxicity or poisoning which may manifest with dilated pupils and muscle twitching. Patients should be aware of an increased anticoagulant effect.

Research

M.H. Pittler and E. Ernst conducted a digital literature review of the effectiveness of HCSE in CVI patients. They found that in randomly controlled studies, using a double-blind approach, HCSE did reduce swelling. These studies referenced the effectiveness of HCSE against a standard prescription medicine, O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides. This finding confirmed their support of HCSE for symptom relief from CVI.

Availability

HCSE is considered to be a nutritional supplement and is regulated as such. Consumers should look for standardized doses containing 50 mg of aescin. The product should not contain aesculin as it may act as a blood thinning agent.

Tags: effectiveness HCSE, varicose veins

Treat Gum Disease (Gingivitis) Naturally With Herbal Remedies 2

Natural Remedies: Treat Gum Disease (Gingivitis) Naturally with Herbal Remedies

Gum disease, or gingivitis, is caused by bacteria between the tooth and gum that form a substance called plaque. Plaque causes inflammation of the gums and separation of the gums from the teeth, eventually resulting in loss of teeth. Symptoms of gingivitis are red, bleeding and swollen gums. Healthy gums are pink in color and do not bleed excessively when cleaned.

Instructions

1. Gargle a saline solution salt (salt & water) every day is an old fashioned remedy for gingivitis as well as a preventive measure.

2. Use bloodroot in your herbal home remedies. It is a perennial flowering plant native to the United States. The FDA has approved the used of this herb as an ingredient for oral rinses and toothpastes to stop the development of oral plaque.

3. Prepare an herbal toothpaste for plaque, and spongy gums. Here's how: mix one tsp each of kava root powder and myrrh gum powder with ½ tsp of white oak bark tincture and five drops of essential oil into a paste. Use paste to brush.

4. Dilute some neem oil in water and use this as an herbal gargle. Neem oil comes from a tropical evergreen tree and is known for its anti-bacterial properties. For gingivitis, gargling with a solution of neem leaf extract and water is recommended.

5. Add Omega 3 Fatty Acid to your diet. We have heard of the benefits of omega 3 fatty acids in treating heart disease. This oil that comes from fish is also used to treat gingivitis.

Tags: comes from, Disease Gingivitis, Disease Gingivitis Naturally, Gingivitis Naturally, Herbal Remedies

Ways To Quit Smoking

There are many effective ways to quit smoking for good. Once you have decided it is time to kick the habit for the sake of your health, some helpful tools are needed to onset the cravings, stress and irritability. Being aware of these triggers and staying on course by following through with these steps can help you from ever having to pick up a cigarette again. Good luck, stay strong, keep a positive outlook and quit smoking today.

Instructions

Ways to Quit Smoking

1. Set up an appointment with your care provider and speak with your doctor. Advice him that you have decided to quit smoking and would like some guidance in the process. Talking to him, and also family and friends about the desire to quit is the best way to challenge this habit head on.

2. Go to a local drugstore. Find an employee and tell her you would like to purchase a nicotine patch. Depending on the amount of cigarettes a day you smoke, a nicotine patch suited to replace your withdraws will be available there. Your doctor can also give advice on the nicotine patch and if it is right for you. It is a highly effective method to alleviate cravings, while slowly ridding the desire to smoke.

3. Join a local gym. Exercise is also one of the best combatants against smoking. Going everyday can help with the stress associated with not getting a fix from a cigarette. Take a yoga class if they offer one to help keep a healthy mind. Walk on the treadmill for 20 minutes. Build up your muscles in the weight room, while concentrating on getting fit. These are excellent distractions from which a healthy lifestyle free of cigarettes can be obtained.

4. Start eating better. Begin eating a healthier diet. Eat more often. This will help with withdrawals and stress related to quitting. Go grocery shopping. Find foods that are rich with nutrients. Buy organic foods and foods that are not just empty calories like junk foods. Chicken, milk, salads, seafood, and meats that are low in fat, but are high in nutrients will help keep you healthy and full. Complex carbohydrates in products like whole wheat breads and cereal are also essential for keeping your energy at peak levels that will ultimately help you win the fight against this toxic habit called smoking. A strong mental mind, free of cigarettes will be achieved by take these steps towards a richer lifestyle.

5. Join a local support group. Getting help and understanding from fellow members of the community who also share a desire to quit smoking is a great way to keep the focus on your battle to quit. The group and its organizer will offer support, encouragement, literature and possibly assignments to help fight this deadly habit head on. Many are offered free or at low costs. They can last anywhere from a few weeks to several months. Join one today. Good luck.

Tags: nicotine patch, desire quit, foods that, free cigarettes, Good luck, habit head

Side Effects Of Arogyavardhini

Arogyavardhini is a supplement sold for its Ayurvedic potential to improve health and overall well being. Although generally safe, the ingredients used in Arogyavardhini have the potential to cause side effects in some cases.

Ingredients

The ingredients of Arogyavardhini are Amalaki or Indian Gooseberry, Vibhitaki or Terminalia bellerica, Haritaki, Shilajita, Guggulu or Guggul, Chitraka moola, Kutaki or Picrorhiza kurroa and Neem.

Significance

Both Guggul and Neem pose the greatest risk for side effects when taken at high doses; however, since the amount of the herbs in Arogyavardhini are not published, it is not possible to know whether the product contains safe quantities.

Time Frame

Both Terminalia and Picrorhiza are considered safe only for short term use, such as a period of three months or less, according to RxList. This means that the longer you take Arogyavardhini, the more likely you are to develop side effects from these two ingredients.

Types of Side Effects

Guggul causes some minor side effects with patients, including stomachaches, headaches, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and rashes, according to RxList. Picrorhiza also poses a risk for minor side effects like loss of appetite, vomiting, diarrhea and rashes.

Risks

Neem has the potential to cause kidney damage and is also not safe for use in children, according to Rx List. If you are pregnant, nursing, or have a history of estrogen-dependent cancers, thyroid disease, multiple sclerosis, lupus or diabetes, it may not be safe to take Arogyavardhini due to the risks associated with its ingredients.

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Creatine Risks & Side Effects

Creatine is a substance that occurs naturally in the body and is a vital component in the building of strong skeletal muscles - like large pectoral muscles, biceps and so on. Creatine is one of the most popular and common supplements for athletes available on the market today. It is most often used for people trying to build up their strength or their body mass. As with any nutritional supplement, there are some risks and negative side effects associated with taking creatine.

Positive Side Effects

Creatine is a highly effective energy booster, so those taking it will experience increased energy and more durability for longer and intense workouts. Creatine is also extremely efficient at giving individuals a "bigger" appearance, which is useful for bodybuilders and many athletes.

Negative Side Effects

One common negative effect of creatine use is an increase in water weight. This might cause individuals to have a more bloated appearance and feel. Your muscles might feel softer as opposed to harder. Also, when people stop taking creatine, they will notice a dramatic and sharp decrease in their energy levels.

More Serious Side Effects

Some creatine users have reported more severe side effects to taking the supplement, such as painful cramps, muscle spasms and pulled muscles. However, research published in Medicine and Science in Sports and Medicine showed that in a group of twenty-six athletes taking creatine for between three and four years, there was absolutely no difference in terms of injury or muscle cramps compared with athletes not taking Creatine.

Disadvantages

Though there really is no evidence that Creatine causes any serious side effects or risks, many users have reported experiencing upset stomach and digestive discomfort within their first few weeks of starting to use the creatine supplement. These digestive problems can be dealt with by lowering the amount of creatine intake.

Misconceptions

Many people get the wrong idea about creatine and assume it is a drug similar to steroids (which is common with athletes and bodybuilders). However, creatine is not a hormonal supplement and therefore totally unlike legal steroids and other types of prohormones.

Tags: taking creatine, athletes taking, have reported, Side Effects, users have

Ways To Keep Prostate Problems Away

Prostate problems can occur in men of any age. Men who are older than 50 have an increased chance of developing an enlarged prostate. Younger men do not typically face this problem, but prostatitis or an inflammation of the prostate is a possibility. Good prostate health can prevent some of these problems and may decrease the risk of prostate cancer.

Healthy Diet

A well-balanced diet is essential to good prostate health. Refined and overly processed foods should be eliminated from your diet. Choose whole grains instead of white flours and green leafy vegetables instead of starchy foods.

Limit red meat to only one or two times per week. Red meat contains unhealthy fats that can cause a variety of problems, including prostate conditions. Healthy fats can be found in olive oil and cold water fish. Nuts are another source of good healthy fats.

Maintain your weight by monitoring portion sizes and calories. There is no direct link between obesity and prostate cancer, but overweight individuals may experience more hormone imbalances thought to be responsible for this type of cancer.

Herbal Supplements

Some herbal supplements can help keep the prostate in good condition. Green tea is widely recognized as having the ingredients for good health, although researchers have not determined the reason why.

Saw palmetto, nettle and kelp are also herbs that can have a beneficial effect on prostate health.

Keep in mind that herbal products are not subject to the same restrictions as prescription medications. Always check with your doctor before using any herbal treatment. This is especially true when you are using prescription medications for other conditions. Some herbal remedies interact with prescription medications negatively.

Managing Stress

Today's hectic lifestyle can result in high levels of stress among men. Stress has a profound effect on general health and the health of the prostate. When stress becomes long-term and chronic, hormones may become unbalanced and encourage the growth of cancer.

Managing stress is an important factor in keeping the prostate healthy. Exercise and taking some time for yourself are some things that you can do to keep your stress levels low. Meditation and deep-breathing exercises are also beneficial for managing stress. Get plenty of sleep and take the time for enjoyable activities. Ask for help when you feel overwhelmed with your home and work life.

Tags: prescription medications, prostate health, prostate cancer, Some herbal, with your

Physical Therapy For Sciatic Nerve Pain

Sciatic nerve pain can cause an uncomfortable sensation down the back of your leg all the way to your heel. The source of that pain starts deep in your buttock and is usually caused by a specific muscle pushing on that hard-to-reach nerve. Through physical-therapy techniques, your doctor can help you alleviate this pain through a combination of education, heat and ice packs, and strategic stretching.

Education

Often the first part of physical therapy for sciatica involves education. It would be good strategy to get some initial education on where the sciatica pain comes from. The sciatic nerve is located deep in the buttocks near the lower back on either side. Many times the pain comes from pressure by the piriformis muscle. There are other reasons that can cause sciatic pain such as degenerative discs. For more information, be sure to ask your doctor what he suspects and ask him to show you on a diagram so you have a better sense of generally avoid the pain.

Heat, Ice and Ultra Sound

There are also other strategies taken during physical therapy to alleviate sciatic nerve pain. An application of heat can help relax the piriformis muscle to stretch more, while ice applications can numb persistent pain. Ultra-sound relief can also be applied. It involves the use of sound waves to remove scar tissue from damaged muscles. The sound waves are sent through a crystal in a handheld device. The crystal vibrates and travels through a special gel which then sends the vibrations to the damaged muscle tissue.

Stretching

If your body is up for it, your doctor may also recommend several stretching techniques for sciatic nerve pain. As mentioned earlier, the piriformis muscle can put pressure on the sciatic nerve. One stretch that can relieve that pressure can actually be done in the seat of your chair. You start by putting your left ankle on top of your right knee. You then put one arm through the triangle-shaped hole you made between your legs and your other arm around the outside of your right leg. Interlace your fingers and pull up on your thigh as you bend down slightly. You should feel a slight pull or burn deep in your left buttock. Hold this for about a minute and then switch legs.

Tags: nerve pain, piriformis muscle, sciatic nerve, your doctor, comes from, deep your

Cold Laser Knee Pain Treatment

Cold laser treatment, also commonly referred to as low level laser therapy (LLLT) and soft therapy, is used to relieve pain and inflammation caused by many conditions. Although cold laser treatment now has various other uses, it was originally approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as a method of relieving pain caused by arthritis. Cold laser therapy can be used to treat knee pain caused by injury, degeneration, arthritis or (least commonly) infections of the bone or joint.

Contraindications of Cold Laser Therapy

Although cold laser therapy is a safe and ultra-gentle type of laser treatment, with no side effects or downtime, the patient and treatment provider must confirm the exact knee condition and cause of the knee pain, and be certain that there are no medical conditions that are contraindications of receiving this form of treatment. If the knee, for example, exhibits any kind of lesions on the skin that have not yet been properly diagnosed, cold laser treatment should not yet be an option for knee pain relief, since the effects of cold lasers on cancerous or pre-cancerous cells are still unknown. Likewise, the treatment's effects on unborn babies are unknown, making pregnancy a contraindication of cold laser therapy, even for the treatment of knee pain. This form of laser therapy employs low-energy light and generates low absorption rates, but the ability of the laser beams to penetrate the skin tissue still implies the possibility of adverse effects on certain health conditions. Even to treat the knees, it is imperative that the patient--prior to seeking treatment--is excluded from cold laser therapy's contraindications.

Identify the Entire Area of Injury and Cause of Injury

Cold laser therapy has various protocols for addressing different conditions. Therefore, it's important that the treatment provider know the exact location and cause of pain in order to modify the protocol to deliver optimum performance. The low-energy beams can be adjusted for intensity and depth. The beams must effectively target and stimulate all tissue relevant to the knee pain in order to relieve the pain and reduce inflammation. The beams are also adjusted to optimally trigger tissue repair and healthy cell regeneration and to minimize scar tissue and increase blood flow to the knee.The length of treatment, wavelengths of the beams and the location of target points are subject to protocol modification based on the source and cause of knee pain. Handheld devices are used to target precise areas of the knee, while multiple panels of light beams (emitted from large, overhead devices) address the entire knee all at once.

Be Persistent and Consistent with Treatment

Although cold laser therapy is effective for reducing inflammation and relieving and healing knee pain, multiple treatments might be required. Spine-Health.com reports that eight to 30 treatments may be required to reach full pain-relief potential, and that sessions should continue steadily thereafter to sustain the benefits. Patients with moderate to severe knee pain would benefit most from two to four treatment sessions per week. Fortunately, cold laser treatment is completely painless and without any downtime, so patients often just relax during treatment. Patients can immediately return to their normal activities after sessions end. Synergy Therapeutic Group in Illinois reports that 75 to 80 percent of cold laser-treated patients notice a difference in the amount and/or degree of pain after one treatment.

Tags: laser therapy, knee pain, laser treatment, Although cold, Although cold laser, cold laser

Find An Aarp Office

Find an AARP Office

AARP is a non-partisan membership organization that lobbies for and helps people age 50 and older. The association, which has existed for more than 50 years, provides information on health care, retirement plans, insurance and other programs. AARP has an estimated 40 million members. and it has offices in all 50 U.S. states, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. To find an AARP office in your state, all you need is a Internet browser.

Instructions

1. Go to www.aarp.org/states on the Internet. Then click on your state on AARP's map of the United States.

2. Look on the left side of your screen under the heading "AARP State Office" for the location of the AARP office in your state. You will see the name of the AARP office; its address; telephone and fax numbers; email address; hours the office is open; and a map link so you can see where the office is.

In addition to its state offices, AARP has regional offices, legislative offices, information centers and media offices in some states. These are listed below state offices.

3. Write down or print out the AARP office information. Call or email the AARP office with your question or problem.

Tags: AARP office, your state, AARP office, AARP office your, office your

Make Your Own Stone Poultice

Stone poulicies clean marble and other types of stone.

Stone is a common material around the house. Countertops, shower stalls, tabletops, patios, decks and floors are often made of stone. Stone poultices clean marble, granite, slate, limestone and other types of stone. Natural stone is porous which means that stains seep deeply in the stones causing discolorations. Cleaning stone is a challenge, but the right stone poultice removes the stain or rust.

Instructions

1. Mix a white absorbent material such as baking soda with equal parts of dishwashing liquid in a glass bowl to create a stone poultice. Make the poultice a thick paste.

2. Wet a sponge with distilled water and squeeze the water onto the stone. This fills in the holes of the stone.

3. Apply the poultice to the stain with a plastic knife. Make the paste about ¼ to ½ inch in height. When applied to the stone, the poultice absorbs the stain.

4. Place plastic wrap over the poultice and use tape to hold down the edges.

5. Leave the stone poultice on the stain for 24 to 48 hours. In some cases you may need to reapply the stone poultice to get rid of all the stain.

6. Remove the plastic wrap and tape. Scrap off the paste with the plasic knife.

7. Wipe the stone clean with a damp sponge.

Tags: stone poultice, poultice stain, clean marble, other types, other types stone, plastic wrap, stone poultice stain

Side Effects Of Taking Metabolife

For those who are overweight, Metabolife appears to be the answer they have been waiting for. It has proven effective for many with its amazing fat-burning capabilities and boosts of energy it provides. But this miracle supplement provides much more than these things; it provides some serious side effects, some of which have proven to be fatal. It may be in your best interest to consider the pros and cons with this product before rushing to the store to purchase it; if not, you may just be rushing to the emergency room.

Purpose

Metabolife provides an increase in metabolism and energy through its two main ingredients--ephedra and caffeine. The ephedra provides an increase in metabolism and suppresses appetite, while the caffeine adds a boost of energy.

Function

The ephedra is able to to boost the body's metabolism because it is a stimulant that is equal to the amphetamines found in prescription medications. By constricting the blood vessels and stimulating the heart, metabolism increases, but with a price tag attached.

Side Effects

The most commonly reported side effects include an increase in blood pressure, insomnia, increased heart rate and palpitations, nausea and anxiety.

FDA Reports

Since 1994, the FDA has received reports of more than 100 deaths of those who used Metabolife in addition to more than 800 reports of heart attacks, strokes and seizures. Included in these reports were consumers who experienced psychosis, nerve damage, memory loss and muscle injury.

Warning

The most serious side effects can occur when ephedra and caffeine are used in combination with one another; these are the two active ingredients in Metabolife. If you experience even one of the symptoms mentioned here, stop taking the supplement immediately, and seek medical help as soon as possible.

Tags: more than, increase metabolism, provides increase, provides increase metabolism, serious side, serious side effects

Medication Treatment For Gestational Diabetes

Gestational diabetes only occurs during pregnancy. It doesn't always affect the mother, but can put the unborn baby in danger. The mother should make an effort to eat healthy and exercise. While that should be enough to keep the diabetes under control, there is medication available.

Blood Sugar Testing

A mother with gestational diabetes can easily test her blood sugar levels with a blood glucose monitor. It will immediately alert her if the sugar level is too high or low, and she can eat accordingly or consult her doctor if necessary.

Insulin

Insulin is needed by a very low percentage of mothers with this type of diabetes. Most manage to control the disease with their diet and an exercise routine.

Glyburide

A few mothers might have to take oral medication such as Glyburide. This medication stimulates the pancreas to produce insulin, which will help to keep the blood sugar levels within the safe range.

Metformin

This oral medication will reduce the amount of glucose the liver produces, which again will keep the blood sugar levels in the safe range.

Exanatide

This medication is injected under the skin, but the risks of using Exanatide during pregnancy haven't been tested enough to make it a viable option.

Tags: blood sugar, blood sugar levels, sugar levels, during pregnancy, keep blood

Wall Colors For Productivity

There are a number of theories regarding which colors inspire productivity.

Whether you're looking for a paint color for your home office or wish to cover your workplace with hues that promise to stimulate productivity, there are a number of theories that claim to know which way to go. With several studies to choose from, the color that is most productive for you may end up being the color you most enjoy.

University of British Columbia

Six hundred participants took part in a study at the University of British Columbia - Sauder School of Business, designed to learn which colors most inspire productivity. As part of the study, participants were asked to complete particular tasks on the computer. The computer screen on which they worked was blue or red. The study showed that when participants were asked to perform tasks requiring attention to detail, a background screen color of red boosted their performance by 31 percent. When participants were asked to complete tasks requiring creativity, a blue background screen produced better results.

AllBusiness.com

AllBusiness.com, a resource for small businesses, suggests covering large wall surfaces with pastel shades and accenting the room with darker, richer colors that introduce excitement into the room. The accents don't necessarily need to be found in accessories. For example, safety warnings, exit signs and trim colors can provide vibrancy. The theory is that walls covered with intense primary colors can lead to a loss in visual acuity or visual clarity.

University of Texas at Austin

As director of the interior design program at the School of Architecture at the University of Texas at Austin, Dr. Nancy Kwalleck studies the psychological effects of color. Most notably, she has examined which colors, if any, are most conducive to productivity. What Kwalleck has discovered is that people are more productive when surrounded by particular colors. The problem is that the color that stimulates a person is highly personal, and there is no one-color-fits-all palette.

The "Hawthorne Effect"

A 1920s study led by Harvard Business School professor Elton Mayo showed that employees respond to any change in their environment, as long as they feel they have a part in deciding it. Employees responded less to actual environmental changes than to the belief that their preferences were being recognized. If you're painting a private space, only you can determine which color best inspires productivity. If you're hoping to increase productivity in a shared space, consider using a neutral color on the walls and allowing individuals to add color to their own areas.

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Treat Stomatitis

Stomatitis is basically an inflammation of the mucous lining of the mouth. Because there are many causes for inflammation, there are different kinds of stomatitis. All of them can make a person miserable. Stomatitis affects eating and speaking and is very painful. Stomatitis can produce very bad breath and can even make a person look bad. Unfortunately, there are no "instant" cures for any of the forms of stomatitis. Treating it requires attention to detail and persistence.

Instructions

1. Search for a possible cause of your stomatitis. A common cause is a sudden increase in the consumption of fruits like melons or berries when they come into season. Beginning a new vitamin, drinking more hot coffee, drinking more soft drinks, increasing alcohol consumption, having recently been on an antibiotic, or having had recent dental work are other causes. Basically, you must do a thorough "Sherlock Holmes" inventory to see if there has been ANY change in what you put in your mouth.

2. Discontinue any possible causes that you have defined. This should significantly improve your mouth soreness within 3 to 5 days.

Neck Warmers Made With Rice

Use any brand of long grain, uncooked rice when making neck warmers

A homemade neck warmer can keeps you comfortable when cold and soothe aching muscles. You can make one quickly, even with few sewing skills and it can be reused for years. Heat the rice-filled neck warmer in a microwave for 60 to 90 seconds and it will stay warm for 30 minutes.

Benefits

The moist heat from microwaved neck warmers with rice work like heating pads. Use this moist heat for a neck sprain after any swelling has gone down, to help loosen tight, sore muscles, according to Amy Scholten, M.P.H., of the Langone Medical Center in New York City.

Expert Insight

In the June 2006 issue of Family and Consumer Sciences Newsline, Paula Gardiner, M.D., assistant professor of Boston University Medical School, offers a recommend ation for neck pain. She says to fill a sock with dry, uncooked rice, tie the opening with a string, them microwave it for 2 minutes. The patient should then drape the warmed sock around the neck.

Identification

Make a neck warmer by measuring out fabric, like a knit or flannel, aligning the right sides together and hand-stitching or machine sewing three sides, with the smaller end open. Turn the pouch right side out, fill it with uncooked dry rice, fold the ends of the fabric inside, then hand-stitch the opening closed.

Function

The Department of Health and Human Services of Montana suggests people make or purchase neck warmers for a gift of warmth. Loved ones will think of you every time they head into the cold outdoors with a neck warmer.

Warnings

Do not overheat your rice neck warmers--the rice can scorch and burn as well as cause skin burns when worn. Do not allow children to heat neck warmers in the microwave.

Tags: neck warmer, neck warmers, uncooked rice, heat neck, moist heat

Infrasound Arthritis Treatment

QiGong infrasound massagers were developed from Chinese research on natural healers. Infrasound is a frequency below 20 Hertz (Hz), which humans cannot hear. In contrast, the more familiar ultrasound has frequencies above 20,000 Hz, which humans also cannot hear. Some natural health practitioners use infrasound massagers for treatment of various disorders, including arthritis.

Ultrasound and Infrasound

Ultrasound is commonly used in physical therapy for pain relief. Infrasound treatment, however, has not been accepted by conventional medical practitioners for the most part.

Inflammatory Conditions

Infrasound therapists state that this method is particularly beneficial for painful conditions such as arthritis, degenerative disc disease and tendinitis.

Specific Benefits

Infrasonic therapy units are available for purchase online, and the websites and testimonials say these units provide relaxation and pain relief, increase circulation and reduce swelling and inflammation.

Lack of Validation

No scientific studies have verified any claims in regard to these positive effects, and one website detailing several clinical studies lists them in anecdotal format rather than as scientific research.

FDA Letter

The United States Food and Drug Administration issued a warning letter to one infrasound therapy manufacturer in 2001 in regard to a lengthy list of unverified healing claims.

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Alternative Treatments For Carpal Tunnel

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) defines carpal tunnel syndrome as a "painful progressive condition caused by compression of a key nerve in the wrist. It occurs when the median nerve, which runs from the forearm into the hand, becomes pressed or squeezed at the wrist."

Surgery is the last resort to become pain free from carpal tunnel syndrome. Pain medications are frequently used but can have side effects. Alternative therapies and complementary medicine can be provide beneficial treatments with less risk.

Causes and Symptoms

In many cases, the cause of carpal tunnel syndrome is unknown. People who are at risk for carpal tunnel syndrome do repetitive tasks at work, often for hours a day, typing on a computer keyboard or performing factory work. However, broken or dislocated bones in the wrist that produce arthritis can be an associated condition. Thyroid gland imbalance and sugar diabetes are also suspects.

Symptoms begin gradually. Pain, weakness or numbness in the hand and wrist radiate up the arm. Symptoms often worsen during the day. People might feel tingling and decreased grip strength, and it may be difficult to form a fist or grasp small objects. Performing manual tasks becomes a hardship.

Acupuncture Treatment

The Mayo Clinic cautions that alternative treatments for carpal tunnel syndrome are popular on the Internet and in books and magazines, but that "In some cases, researchers haven't studied these treatments adequately using widely accepted scientific methods. In other cases, however, a growing body of evidence indicates that some alternative treatments may help relieve carpal tunnel symptoms."

Acupuncture works to relieve the pain of carpal tunnel syndrome, according to acupuncturist and chiropractic physician Robert Scarnecchia of the Chiropractic Group in Okeechobee City, Florida. "With the use of painless needles, it works on the meridian system to tonify and sedate the area of involvement by manipulating points locally and distally to the injured area. This draws energy away from overactive areas and towards sedated areas," he explains. Acupuncture has been practiced in China and other Asian countries for thousands of years.

A Holistic Approach

Dr.Scarnecchia combines acupuncture, chiropractic treatments and orthotics in a holistic approach to the condition of carpal tunnel syndrome. "Chiropractic manipulation increases motion of the carpal bone, decreases entrapment, and creates stability to the tunnel arch," he says. "Soft tissue techniques include stretching the wrist flexors/extensors to remove adhesions and scar tissue in muscle; and the Graston technique breaks scar tissue in carpal tunnel and surrounding structures and removes entrapment of nerves and tendons."

Scarnecchia also recommends to his patients the use of orthotics to brace the area and stop the repetitive motion that promulgates the problem. He points out that it takes nine weeks of support for ligaments to shorten into a proper carpal tunnel arch.

Stretching Techniques and Exercise

Myofascial release is a highly specialized stretching technique used by physical therapists and chiropractors alike. The therapist finds the area of tightness of the fascia and a light stretch is applied until the tissue area relaxes.

Physical therapists at Wholistic Therapy Center in New York also utilize ultrasound to help reduce inflammation and electrotherapy to strengthen weak muscles of the forearm hand and arm.

Most alternative medicine practitioners will recommend specific exercises to stretch and strengthen the muscles of the forearm and hand at home.Certain kinds of yoga exercises seem to help some sufferers, according to the Mayo Clinic.

Experiment with Caution

Carpal tunnel is a stubborn condition for many people and may require some experimenting to see which treatments help the most. Consult with your health care provider regarding the use of alternative and complementary medicine. Fortunately, chances for recovery from carpal tunnel are good with diagnosis and medical attention.

Tags: carpal tunnel, carpal tunnel syndrome, tunnel syndrome, alternative treatments, complementary medicine, forearm hand, from carpal

30 Day Weight Loss Diets

There are numerous diets that can help you lose weight in 30 days without requiring you to starve yourself -- or even feel all that hungry. Some can even be maintained for the long term, allowing you to keep the weight off while increasing your energy and allowing you to eat foods you enjoy.

More Small Meals

Believe it or not, the best plan to lose weight consists of eating often -- as in five or six smaller meals per day. This keeps hunger at bay. The key is to make healthy choices at each meal. For instance, breakfast may consist of a serving of low-fat yogurt and a piece of fruit, or oatmeal and fruit. Have another piece of fruit, fresh vegetables or low-cal protein shake a few hours later, followed by a lunch of salad and light tuna. A banana or grapefruit would make a nice between-meal snack, with a dinner of broiled chicken or salmon, another salad, and yogurt.

Low-Carb Plan

Low-carb, high-protein diets have been shown to take weight off quickly without surrendering taste -- or, in many instances, even calories. These diets press the body to burn stored fat, rather than carbohydrates, for energy. Someone on a low-carb diet might have a cheese omelet for breakfast. For lunch, you could have a tuna burger, minus the bun, and a salad of romaine lettuce, mushrooms and cucumber. Dinner could consist of a grilled cheeseburger (again, no bun) with mayonnaise and mustard, and a cup of spinach. Have a protein shake or two as snacks between meals.

Vegetarian Plan

Eating nothing but fruits and vegetables for 30 days is another fine way to lose weight -- especially since you can just about eat as much as you want. The best way to follow a vegetarian plan is to "graze" throughout the day, as opposed to just eating three or four meals. When following this plan, it's also important to choose fresh fruits and vegetables, not frozen or canned. You may want to incorporate beans, an egg substitute product (such as Egg Beaters) and tofu to make sure you are getting enough protein.

Low-Cal Plan

The simplest way to lose weight is just to not eat as much. And this does indeed work. The problem is that some of the weight lost will be muscle rather than fat, and the pounds often come back on as soon as you begin to eat regularly again. Regardless, if losing weight quickly is your only goal, then choosing low-fat and low-calorie foods, and eating only three or four small meals a day, will do the trick.

Helpful Hints

No matter which 30-day diet plan you choose, regular exercise and drinking lots of water will go a long way in aiding your cause. That means no less than 30 minutes of exercise three times a week, and no less than six 8-oz. glasses of water each day.

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Stimulate The Appetite After Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Surgery

An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is when the large artery (blood vessel) in your body called the aorta becomes abnormally large or bulges outward. The lower part of your aorta distributes oxygenated blood to your abdomen, pelvis and legs. The exact cause of an abdominal aortic aneurysm is still idiopathic (medically unknown). Common risk factors include obesity, high cholesterol, high blood pressure and genetic factors. Abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery is usually performed when your abdominal aorta ruptures and causes internal bleeding. Like all types of surgical procedures, this type of surgery will diminish your appetite. You can effectively stimulate your appetite by consuming certain foods.

Instructions

1. Add ginger to your foods on daily basis. Ginger includes a potent substance called 6-gingerol, which can help stimulate your appetite. Ginger can also help strengthen your immune system while you recover from surgery. Grate ginger and sprinkle on your dishes. You can also take a ginger supplement. The recommended dosage is one 500 mg capsule once a day.

2. Drink one cup of green tea 30 minutes before a meal. Green tea contains catechins that can speed up your metabolism and help stimulate your appetite. Green tea is also rich in antioxidants, which can help your tissues heal after surgery.

3. Sprinkle cayenne pepper on your food every day. Capsaicin, which is the active ingredient of cayenne pepper, can help stimulate your appetite. It can also help you heal faster and reduce the inflammation and pain associated with surgeries.

4. Drink one bottle of Siberian ginseng extract every day. Siberian ginseng includes the compounds eleutherosides, which acts by stimulating your appetite and giving you energy throughout the day. Ginseng also can help improve your immune system to help fight against microorganisms that may enter your surgical wounds. You can buy Siberian ginseng at most Asian supermarkets.

5. Drink a glass of grated orange peels every day. Orange peels include glycosides that can help improve your immune system, lower cholesterol and stimulate your appetite. Grate the peels of one whole orange using a cheese grater. Add the grated peels to a glass of juice or water. Drink this every morning to help stimulate your appetite.

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Holistic Cures For Hpv

Holistic Cures for HPV

Human papillomavirus (HPV) sounds frightening, but it is really just a scientific name for a very common virus. There are cases of HPV causing cervical cancer, but most frequently the virus causes nothing more than a few warts. That being said, there are holistic ways of attacking the virus by boosting the immune system. These statements have not been evaluated by doctors or the FDA; exercise cautions when using a new dietary or supplemental method.

Boost the Immune System

There are several herbs and vitamins you can use to boost the immune system, making it harder to invade by viruses. A Chinese herb called huang qi or astragalus can boost the immune system by increasing the levels of immune-stimulating compounds like interferons. The herb goldenseal contains berberine, a compound that helps to stimulate immune function. Vitamin C in either supplement form or in the form of citrus fruits can help improve immune-system effectiveness, though there is no need to take several tablets that have more than 100% of the FDA recommended amount per day. Zinc is used in many immune-system supplements. Take zinc in supplement or lozenge form. Probiotics have been connected to an improvement in digestion and immunity. Last and certainly not least is to fill your diet with raw fruits and vegetables to increase fiber content, healthy enzymes, vitamins and minerals to ensure your body is at its best.

The Anti-Viral Method

By using herbs and supplements that inhibit and cause cell death in viruses, you can keep HPV from spreading in your body. Echinacea has been used for immunity-boosting for years, but the most verifiable property it has is anti-viral. There is a compound in echinacea called chicoric acid, which is thought to inhibit an enzyme in viruses called integrase. Stopping this enzyme stops the virus from multiplying. Croton lechleri (dragon's blood) has been used to treat the herpes virus and heal wounds more quickly than the body could on its own. Garlic has been used as an anti-viral and an antibacterial supplement in both its natural and capsule form. The juniper plant contains an anti-viral compound called deoxypodophyllotoxin, which has been used on herpes, flu and other viruses. Other herbs that have been linked to anti-viral properties are lemon balm, licorice, shiitake mushrooms, eucalyptus, honeysuckle, ginger and turmeric.

Warts at the Source

If your HPV has manifested as a single wart or a group of warts, there are a few natural treatments you can use to improve your condition. Pure aloe vera extract has been used for years for skin conditions, and warts will become less inflamed after use. A piece of moistened birch or willow bark secured to the skin area of the wart can help with irritation and can heal the wart area as well. These barks can also be made into a tea and then rubbed onto the wart. Bloodroot contains enzymes that can help to dissolve warts; look for lotions that contain the herb. Extracts from dandelion plants and lemons work wonders when applied to a wart a few times a day. Vitamin C can also be ground into a powder and applied directly to a wart to help it naturally break down.

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Understand Pressure Points

Understand Pressure Points

There are sensitive areas called pressure points at several locations throughout the body. Applying pressure to these points can provide pain relief, stress relief, pleasure and healing; applying pressure to these pressure points can also cause injury or pain to the body. Understand pressure points so that you learn use them to work for your benefit.

Instructions

1. Understand that pressure points are so sensitive because there are high nerve densities in those areas of the body.

2. Massage or press on your pressure points with elbows or fingers to use zone therapy or reflexology. Some people speculate that every area of your body, including every major organ, is represented by specific pressure points on your hands and feet. In reflexology, there's a belief that stimulating the appropriate pressure points on the hands and feet will improve circulation, repair energy flow and relieve stress to the corresponding organ.

3. Locate pressure points on your face and ears to learn more about acupuncture, a Chinese medicine that promotes overall health and healing. Inserting tiny needles into these pressure points helps redirect energy pathways and provide pain relief, according to acupuncture experts.

4. Use pressure points information in martial arts or in self-defense to inflict pain on your attacker. An attack on the eyes, the nose and the groin--all pressure points--make the easiest targets. Other pressure points located under the jaw bone and on each side of the face can help you render an attacker incapacitated if used properly in self-defense.

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Use Of Mp Rapid Diagnostic Drug Tests

MP Biologicals manufactures a rapid diagnostic drug test used to identify drug use or consumption. The device is a urine collection cup that comes with test strips built either into a test card or into the actual cup. This is advantageous because the urine need not be transferred from the cup to a testing device. The test card or cup test strips are visible through two windows, one over the other, on the front of the card and a chemical reaction causes a visible test result on these strips. The method of testing is called immunoassay.

MP Rapid Drug Test Cup

Collect at least 15 milliliters of urine in the rapid drug test cup. If the test has a test card insert the card into the urine for 15 seconds, remove and insert into the slot on the side of the cup. There will be arrows pointing to the urine end of the test strip. If the test strips are built into the cup, the urine will reach the test strips through the bottom of the cup and no action need be taken. Put the lid on the cup and wait five minutes to read the test.

Drug Test Strips

Each test strip, on the card or built into the cup, is used to represent one drug only. The type of drug will be abbreviated on the top end of the strip, visible through the top window. For example, THC for marijuana; COC for cocaine; PCP for phencyclidine. If there is a question about an abbreviation, consult the literature that accompanies the test. MP biologicals can manufacture custom tests that have any combination of one to ten drugs.

Interpreting Rapid Drug Test Results

The bottom window displays the result portion of the test strip. The letters "C" and "T" will be to the left of the window. The "C" will be on top and represents a control line. The letter "T" represents the drug test. On each test strip, the presence of a line next to the "C" validates the test and the presence of a line next to the "T" represents a negative test. For example, if there are five test strips on a card and there a line next to the "C" and the "T" on strips one through four and a line next to the "C" only on the fifth, the result of the test is positive for the drug corresponding with strip five.

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Make An Aromatherapy Neck Wrap

Make an Aromatherapy Neck Wrap

An aromatherapy neck wrap is a pleasant way to rejuvenate tired and sore neck muscles. It is especially relaxing after a long day at work (or the computer screen). This aromatherapy neck wrap is made using rice, and can be heated or cooled, depending on your desire. It serves as both a hot and cold pack. These make great gifts, and are very simple to make. Try this easy method to make your own aromatherapy neck wrap.

Instructions

1. Place the two pieces of fabric on top of one another, so the edges are flush (or as close as possible). Fold them in half so that they measure 4 x 15 inches. This is standard sizing, but feel free to make your aromatherapy neck wrap larger or smaller, as necessary.

2. Sew up three sides of the fabric with a needle and thread or sewing machine to create the aromatherapy neck wrap. Leave one end of the fabric open to add the filling later.

3. Combine approximately four cups of dried rice with 20-30 drops of your favorite essential oil in a medium mixing bowl. Stir well to make sure the rice and oil are thoroughly combined.

4. Turn the fabric you began to sew earlier inside out, and fill it with the rice/oil mixture. Don't pack it in too tightly, but leave it loose so it's more easily positioned around the neck.

5. To use as a hot pack, place the aromatherapy neck wrap in the microwave for short, 30-second increments until the desired temperature is reached. Test the wrap out on your arm to make sure it isn't too hot before applying on the neck.

6. To use as a cold pack, place the aromatherapy neck wrap in the freezer for at least an hour before using. It can be left in the freezer overnight, or as long as you like. It can even be stored there until ready to use.

Tags: aromatherapy neck, aromatherapy neck wrap, neck wrap, aromatherapy neck, aromatherapy neck wrap, cold pack

Use Patient Lifts

The purpose of a patient lift is to simplify the process of transferring a patient from his bed to his wheelchair, armchair or commode. It comes in electric and hand-powered forms. The apparatus is equipped with a hammock-style sling made of cloth that you attach to the upper steel part, known as the cradle. When used correctly, it can prove ergonomically beneficial to you as a caregiver. According to the Handicappedequipment.org website, the device safely handles 350 to 450 pounds. It relieves you of the task of actually physically lifting the individual and from bending over his bed, both of which can result in long-term back injuries.

Instructions

1. Instruct the patient to hold onto the rails of the bed. If the patient doesn't have the strength to do this, have two people -- one on each side -- place each hand on its corresponding rail. Raise the bed level to its maximum position.

2. Lower the side bed rails. Bring down the bed. Use the middle lever.

3. Position the lift underneath the bed. Open and lock the legs of the base, using the lever in the center.

4. Lower the patient in bed so that you may attach the sling. Swing the patient's feet so that they are free of the bed.

5. Remove the lift from the bed. Use the steering handle.

6. Lower the patient's feet so that they rest at the bottom of the lift, straddling its mast. If your lift operates on a control valve, close the valve.

7. Roll the patient so that he rests on his side. Place the sling -- the hammock-like cloth that allows you to lift him -- behind his back. Roll him onto his back.

8. Pull the leg loops forward and under his thigh. Cross the loops.

9. Roll the base of the lifting device as far under the patient's bed as it will go.

10. Attach both sides of the sling to the cradle of the device, which is the top part of the lift with hooks in it that holds the sling in place.

11. Raise the patient slowly, pumping the steering bar in the middle of the base of the lift. Continue this upward pumping motion until his hind parts are just above the mattress.

12. Grasp his legs. Turn him so that his feet dangle off the bed. Lower the bed if you require more clearance.

13. Prepare the wheelchair to receive the patient, if that is his desired destination. Set the parking brakes.

14. Lower the patient slowly into his wheelchair, armchair or commode. Gently remove his legs from the sling. Have someone carefully back the lift away from the patient as you are removing his legs from the lift.

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Chigger Bite Affect The Body

If you live in the southern part of the United States, you're probably all too familiar with chiggers. The term chiggers actually refers to the microscopic larvae of the harvest mite, which are parasitic during that portion of their life cycle. Chiggers like to live in tall grasses, weeds and bushes, and when an unsuspecting host comes along, they crawl on. They feed off of a large number of different hosts, including humans and dogs, and are most active in the warm summer months. In the United States, chigger bites aren't dangerous, but they can make life miserable for awhile.

Chiggers really don't bite in the true sense of the word. Instead, they inject the host body with digestive enzymes, so that they can feed off the skin cells. This fluid also keeps the blood from clotting, leading to inflammation in the form of a red bump with a white center. Chiggers don't drink blood or burrow under the skin,either, but a small hole is formed as they digest cells, so that they can continue to feed on the inner portion of the skin. The fluids injected by the chigger also cause severe itching and skin irritation, such as hives or a rash. In the United States, the effect of chigger bites remains localized to the skin, but in other countries like Japan, chiggers can carry a disease called scrub typhus, which leads to more systemic symptoms and illness.

Chiggers affect the body more when they are allowed to remain feeding on skin tissue, so prompt treatment is critical to reduce discomfort. The best way to prevent chiggers from biting in the first place is to wear protective clothing when going outside during the warm summer months, or use an effective bug repellent. Once chiggers are on the skin, promptly scrubbing with soap and water helps removes them, preventing any further irritation.

Tags: United States, chigger bites, summer months, that they, warm summer, warm summer months

Prevent Alzheimers

Alzheimer’s disease is a brain disorder that leads to gradual mental deterioration among the elderly. However, there some things you can do while you are still young to reduce your chances of developing Alzheimer’s.

Instructions

Prevent Alzheimer’s

1. Keep your brain active. Take a class, read and write a lot, learn new tasks and do memorization exercises. This can help stimulate your brain to grow new cells and preserve your memory.

2. Spend quality time with friends and family. Join clubs or social groups, take trips and visit different cultures, and stay connected to friends and family. Studies show that having close personal relationships promotes healthy connections among brain cells.

3. Exercise on a regular basis. Spend 30 minutes a day doing something like walking, biking, gardening or aerobics. Physical activity promotes blood flow to the brain which can stimulate the development of new brain cells.

4. Maintain a healthy diet. Eat plenty of dark vegetables and fruits because they are rich in antioxidants which help preserve brain cells. Include fish like salmon in your diet because it contains omega-3 fatty acids which are good for the brain. Avoid foods that are high in cholesterol and fat.

Tags: brain cells, friends family, your brain

Uses Of Juniper Berry Oil

Juniper berries are usually harvested between September and December.

Juniper berries grow on the juniper shrub, a low-growing shrub with an aromatic scent of pine. Those with an acute sense of smell may also say that the plant and berries smell like gin and indeed, the alcoholic drink is made from the berries of the evergreen juniper plant. Juniper berry oil is collected through the process of steam distillation. Though the berries are used in a variety of culinary applications, the oil is generally not ingested except in some medicinal remedies.

Aromatherapy

Juniper berry oil is used in aromatherapy as an antiseptic, a diuretic and to detoxify the body, according to aromatherapist Patricia Davis. Davis especially recommends juniper oil to cleanse and purify the urinogenital tract and alleviate cystitis, retention of urine and enlarged prostate. It also can be warmed in an essential oil diffuser and inhaled as an emotional cleanser to rejuvenate and clear your mind after too much emotional stimulation.

Pet Care

Juniper berry oil is a common ingredient in natural flea repellents for cats and dogs. It may be helpful in treating mange and canine dermatitis and to repel or remove tics. Mixed with lard, juniper berry oil was a traditional veterinary remedy for open wounds, according the the website Botanical.

Skin Care

Juniper berry oil is used in skin care and cosmetic products including bath oil, eye shadow, soaps and hair products. Its natural astringent qualities make it useful as a treatment for acne and dermatitis. The oil has a piny scent that makes it especially suitable for men's skin care products.

Herbal Medicine

Modern herbalists combine juniper berry oil with herbs such as dandelion and parsley to increase urine flow, rid the body of excess fluids and filtate the kidneys. It has traditionally been used to treat flatulence, gastrointestinal infections, heartburn and bronchitis, according to information published by WebMD.

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Treatment For A Pulled Lower Back Muscle

Most everyone has had a pulled lower back muscle. It can be due to a sports injury or simply trying to do too much. Regardless, when a pulled lower back muscle occurs it causes significant pain and impairs mobility. The best thing for a pulled lower back muscle is treatment and an evaluation by a doctor. Ignoring the pain will likely only make the injury worse, resulting in a longer recovery.

Rest

When you have lower back pain due to a pulled muscle the best thing for it is rest. Resting the pulled muscle allows it to heal and reduces the risk of further damage. Taking a day or two off work and just lying on the couch or in bed can be the best thing for you.

Ice Pack

An ice pack helps with lower back pain. Wrap the ice pack in a towel and apply for 15-20 minutes at a time. The ice pack should help reduce the inflammation. Alternate using an ice pack and a heating pad for the best results.

Heating Pad

Putting a heating pad on your lower back for 15 to 20 minutes is a great way to improve circulation in the area. The increased blood flow speeds your recovery. The heat also helps to relax the muscle. Use a heating pad as often as necessary for a strained lower back.

Doctor or Physical Therapist

If nothing seems to work, seek an opinion from a doctor or a physical therapist.

TVA

Once you feel better, focus on strengthening your TVA or transverse abdominis. These are the deep muscles that support your spine. Sometimes, if the muscles aren't developed enough to provide support, the lower back overcompensates. This can result in more pulled lower back muscles in the future.

Tags: lower back, pulled lower back, best thing, lower back, pulled lower, back muscle

Nursing Home Regulations

Nursing homes have come along way since their introduction in the 1950s. Widespread abuse and neglect were on the rise in the 1980s and something needed to be done to regulate it. Federal and state laws are now in place to protect each patient as well as the employees.

History

Nursing homes developed regulations because of widespread abuse reported during the 1980s.

Time Frame

In 1987, Congress passed legislation requiring nursing homes to comply with Medicare and Medicaid rules regarding quality of care in nursing homes.

Geography

Each state is held liable to their own set of standard nursing home regulations, but they must all comply with federal mandated laws such as the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987, otherwise known as the Nursing Home Reform Act.

Effects

Because of regulations, each nursing home is required to provide services that meet the highest possible physical, mental and psychosocial well-being of each resident.

Features

To participate in Medicaid and Medicare programs, each nursing home must be in compliance with federal requirements according to the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (42 CFR Part 483).

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The Best Diet For Women Over 55

As you age, your metabolism slows. Dietary needs change from decade to decade, too. According to Health.com, women in their 50s can lose as much as 30 percent of bone mass in the 10 years following menopause and should take in 1,600 calories a day to control weight. The Decade Diet understands a woman's diet needs with age, and some people think it is the best diet for women over 55 due to its customization for that age group.

Health and Women over 55

If you are over 55 your body changes due to menopause. Lack of estrogen makes it harder to keep fat off your middle and can weaken bones. You also absorb less calcium from the food you eat. Women older than 55 shoudl eat more foods with calcium and vitamin D for improved bone health. Women should also reduce the amount of sodium in their diet and eat foods rich in fiber to prevent constipation and high cholesterol.

Women over 55 should keep away from processed and junk foods and eat more wholesome, healthy foods that balance the body. Fiber intake should be increased with foods like whole grains, nuts and seeds, fruits, vegetables and beans. Healthy fats should always consist of foods such as olive oil, fish, sardines, salmon, fresh tuna, and avocado. A fish oil supplement will also give an extra boost of omega-3 fats.

The Decade Diet

The Decade Diet is a customized low-fat diet for women based on a woman's particular age group, prepared by health expert and nutritionist Linda Foster. Foster says "there isn't a one-size-fits-all plan that works for life unfortunately, because the way our bodies' process food changes pretty much every decade."

For women 55 and older the diet consists of eating oats, fruits, vegetables and whole meal breads. The basic low-fat diet plan suggests specific foods for breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks.

Recommended morning foods are whole grains such as whole meal toast and whole-grain cereals that include low-fat proteins like poached egg, peanut butter or a handful of almonds. A smoothie can be prepared made from semi-skim milk, a handful of strawberries and a half banana. Grilled tomatoes or fat-free yogurt is also recommended additions for breakfast.

To limit calories during lunch, you can use an olive-oil-lemon mixture and avoid extra cheese when preparing meals. A tuna salad wrap on a whole meal pita is recommended or California sushi rolls plus lentil soup and low-fat yogurt.

Healthy dinner recommendations are a small lean grilled steak or veggie chili with kidney beans, mushrooms, carrots, red peppers, and tomatoes served with brown rice or stir-fried chicken with vegetables, soy sauce and egg noodles. Baked cod with basil leaves, tomato, served with steamed broccoli or asparagus is also recommended.

Any piece of fruit, handful of olives, two oatcakes, low-fat plain yogurt or handful of mixed nuts are elective snacks on the diet.

The Decade Diet also recommends exercising regularly. Power-walking is suggested three to four times per week for 45 minutes.

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Hip Surgery

Hip surgery is a medical procedure in which the hip joint is replaced by a synthetic implant. It is one of the most common joint replacement surgeries and the cheapest as well. Hip replacement surgery is considered to be safe and the most successful type of joint replacement procedures. Hip surgery is performed primarily to treat joint failure caused by various forms of arthritis. Hip replacement is also done in cases of hip fractures or tumors. The aim of this procedure is to provide pain relief and improve the hip function of the patient.

History

The first attempt at hip replacement surgery was made in Germany where ivory implants were used. Widespread use of artificial joints made from steel, chrome and Teflon began from the 1930s. By the 1970s the design of the implant was revolutionized due to the work of John Charnley at the Manchester Royal Infirmary. The Charnley Low Friction Arthroplasty design was used for over two decades. However, in recent times, there have been many improvements in the design of the implants.

Hip Replacement Surgery

Hip replacement surgery is performed when the painful symptoms cannot be taken care of by other non-operative therapies. Hip replacement surgery removes the damaged joint lining and replaces the surface of the joint with an artificial implant. The implants may wear out over time. As a result, hip replacement is usually avoided in younger patients for the fear of the implant wearing out too quickly. Today, there are constant modifications in the designs of implants so as to make them longer lasting and provide the best possible functioning to the patient. About 90 percent of the people who take the treatment have good results and can successfully go back to their normal activities.

Hip Resurfacing Surgery

The hip resurfacing surgery is an alternative to total hip replacement and is used in patients with severe hip arthritis. The procedure for hip resurfacing is different in that the end of the femur is not amputated, but the outer surface is replaced with a metal cap. The advantage of a hip resurfacing procedure is that there is less bone removal, compared with hip replacement. There is also a lower risk of dislocation as the implant replicates the normal anatomy of the hip joint. Since the surgery removes less bone mass, a repeat resurfacing surgery is much easier.

Considerations

The age of the patient is often the deciding factor for considering hip surgery. People more than 60 years old benefit from total hip replacement while younger patients are ideal candidates for hip resurfacing procedures. Women are said to have higher rates of complication than men and are prone to the risk of fractures in the hip area after surgery. Obese patients also show a high risk of complications with surgery. Those with hip problems due to inflammatory arthritis should consider total hip replacement surgery in consultation with their doctors.

New Procedures

The latest developments in the area of hip surgery include several minimally invasive surgical procedures. The surgery is performed through two small incisions with the help of computer guidance. It is hoped that with minimal tissue and muscle damage, the patient will have a faster recovery, resulting in lesser hospitalization and better results. However, since it is a new development, there are questions whether it is, in fact, a better procedure.

Tags: replacement surgery, surgery performed, total replacement, joint replacement, less bone, procedures surgery, procedures surgery performed

Fleas & Ticks On Humans

Fleas and ticks can hide in your yard.

Fleas and ticks not only bother animals, but can affect humans, as well. Fleas are a nuisance and their bites are often quite menacing. Ticks, however, can spread harmful diseases that can prove to be devastating.